Syntax
console.table(data)
console.group(label)
console.time(label)Examples
console.table() for Structured Data
Displaying arrays of objects in a readable table format.
const users = [
{ name: "Alice", age: 25 },
{ name: "Bob", age: 30 }
];
console.table(users);
// Renders a formatted table with columns for name and ageconsole.group() for Organized Logs
Grouping related log messages together, collapsible in the DevTools console.
console.group("User Validation");
console.log("Checking email...");
console.log("Checking password...");
console.log("All checks passed");
console.groupEnd();console.time() for Performance Measurement
Measuring how long a block of code takes to run.
console.time("dataProcessing");
// some expensive operation
for (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) { /* ... */ }
console.timeEnd("dataProcessing");
// "dataProcessing: 12.34ms"Best practices
- Use console.table() instead of console.log() when inspecting arrays of objects - it is dramatically easier to read
- Use console.group()/groupEnd() to organize related log output during debugging of complex flows
- Use console.warn() and console.error() instead of console.log() for messages that genuinely need visual distinction and severity
- Remove or guard debug console statements before shipping to production, or use a proper logging library with configurable levels
At a glance
- Purpose
- Application logic and interaction
- File extension
- .js ยท .mjs
- Runs in
- Browsers and JavaScript runtimes
- Usually used with
- HTML, CSS and Web APIs
Specifications & further reading
Related JavaScript documentation
Arrow Functions
Arrow functions provide a more concise syntax for writing function expressions in JavaScript. Introduced in ES6, they use the => syntax and have some important differences from regular functions, particularly in how they handle the "this" keyword. Arrow functions are especially useful for callbacks, array methods, and short inline functions.Variables: var, let, const
JavaScript has three ways to declare variables. var is the original way, function-scoped and hoisted with a default value of undefined. let, introduced in ES6, is block-scoped and can be reassigned. const is also block-scoped but cannot be reassigned after its initial value is set. Modern JavaScript strongly favors let and const over var.Data Types
JavaScript has seven primitive data types - string, number, boolean, undefined, null, bigint, and symbol - plus the object type, which includes arrays, functions, and plain objects. JavaScript is dynamically typed, meaning a variable can hold any type and that type can change. The typeof operator reports a value's type at runtime.Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators perform mathematical calculations on numbers: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), remainder/modulo (%), and exponentiation (**). The + operator also performs string concatenation when either operand is a string. Increment (++) and decrement (--) adjust a variable by one.
Arrow functions provide a more concise syntax for writing function expressions in JavaScript. Introduced in ES6, they use the => syntax and have some important differences from regular functions, particularly in how they handle the "this" keyword. Arrow functions are especially useful for callbacks, array methods, and short inline functions.Variables: var, let, const
JavaScript has three ways to declare variables. var is the original way, function-scoped and hoisted with a default value of undefined. let, introduced in ES6, is block-scoped and can be reassigned. const is also block-scoped but cannot be reassigned after its initial value is set. Modern JavaScript strongly favors let and const over var.Data Types
JavaScript has seven primitive data types - string, number, boolean, undefined, null, bigint, and symbol - plus the object type, which includes arrays, functions, and plain objects. JavaScript is dynamically typed, meaning a variable can hold any type and that type can change. The typeof operator reports a value's type at runtime.Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators perform mathematical calculations on numbers: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), remainder/modulo (%), and exponentiation (**). The + operator also performs string concatenation when either operand is a string. Increment (++) and decrement (--) adjust a variable by one.